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Properties of Hybrid Structures in Groupoids

1Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University Of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.2Department Of Mathematics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore-641114, Tamil Nadu, India.

Annals of Communications in Mathematics 2025, 8 (4), 515-529. https://doi.org/10.62072/acm.2025.080408
Received: 12 November 2025 |
Accepted: 24 December 2025 |
Published: 31 December 2025

ABSTRACT. 

Classical mathematical methods are insufficient for resolving certain issues in real-life human problems due to the uncertainty of the data. Researchers from around the world have created innovative mathematical models, like soft and fuzzy set theories, to model the uncertainties that arise in different areas. Jun recently developed a hybrid structure that combined fuzzy and soft set concepts. The hybrid structure principle is applied to groupoids in this paper, and the properties of hybrid ideals and hybrid subgroupoids in groupoids are also described. Furthermore, the notions of hybrid subgroups, hybrid normal subgroups, and hybrid cosets in a group, as well as their key properties, are discussed. In addition, we show that any member of the collection of hybrid cut sets of a hybrid normal subgroup of a group G is a normal subgroup of G in the traditional sense. Finally, we obtain a finite-group hybrid version of Lagrange’s theorem.

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Cite This Article

B. Elavarasan, G. Muhiuddin, K. Porselvi, Mohamed E. Elnair, Taif Alshehri.
Properties of Hybrid Structures in Groupoids.
Annals of Communications in Mathematics
2025,
8 (4):
515-529.
https://doi.org/10.62072/acm.2025.080408

Creative Commons License
Copyright © 2025 by the Author(s). Licensee Techno Sky Publications. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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